The duration of this course will be 3 weeks in a Research Institute of Paris-Saclay. Students will be evaluated on the presentations they have developed Oral Exam as well as on a written test Written Exam on one or more topics covered during the conferences.
This teaching unit aims to update students' knowledge on the latest advances in microbial cell biology. This teaching unit will cover cytoskeleton, membrane dynamics, cell cycle, stress response, polarity, differentiation, aging and programmed death of unicellular cells.
Other themes are likely to be addressed, depending on current events, some of which are chosen and presented by the students themselves. This teaching unit highlights different types of possible microbial interactions with other organisms.
The relationships of mutualism and parasitism will be exposed through different examples involving bacteria, fungi, micro-algae or protists hosted by plants, animals or even other micro-organisms.
The context of interaction between individuals of the same species will be addressed by presenting the molecular mechanisms of microbial communication quorum-sensing. The modalities of biofilm formation will also be presented. Day 1 -Presentation of the softwares RStudio and R -R programming Part 1 -Practical training -Biological datasets to be use in the project Day 2 -Self-assessment test -R programming Part 2 -Initiation to clustering algorithms -Challenges of the project -First R script to solve the project Day 3 -Self-assessment test -R programming Partie 3 -Change R script in functions Day 4 -Student personal work Day 5 -Project feedback from the teacher -Final exam with computers and notes -To go further?
During this class, the students will learn how to use the R software, to analyse a biological dataset arising from high throughput experimental methodologies transcriptomics. Teaching days will be divided into activities relying on: -Formal lectures -Practical training -Live programming -Pair programming Self-assessment tests will be proposed to students each day, and programming skills will be applied in a project, evaluated at the end of the week.
This project consists of identifying, without any a priori, groups of co-expressed genes. They will be represented graphically with heatmaps. This teaching unit aims to highlight recent advances in functional genomics, including big Data in Biology. The speakers, specialists in this field of research, will present the most recent scientific data relating to comparative genomics, metagenomics, meta transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, the analysis of interactomes and applications in medicine.
Another objective of this teaching unit is to connect scientific questions asked and the best method s to use to reach the goals. Round tables, between students and researchers, will be organized to discuss the impact of the knowledge acquired through global approaches on new emerging concepts related to the gene and to pervasive transcription.
Students will also present their own review of a theme they will choose during a one-day mini-symposium. This teaching unit aims to highlight recent advances in the field of synthetic microbiology, including cellular innovations. Conferences on history and ethics surrounding this field will address the question of the positioning of synthetic biology in society and in the evolution of Research.
Conferences by specialists in the field. Students will present a bibliographical analysis on one of the themes addressed by the speakers. Basic concepts in Genetics, Genomics and Evolution. Basic knowledge about gene structure and genome organisation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This preliminary work will aim to present the scientific context and the issues associated with its research subject as well as the methods that will be implemented to answer the question s asked.
This module, lasting 32 hours over a week, will alternate morning classes taught in English, with a practical internship in a research laboratory in the afternoon. The audience will be limited to 16 students.
A half-day will be devoted to an oral project synthesis, article analysis,.. Through the progress of structure-function studies based on the resolution of crystalline structures, various electron microscopy techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance, combined with the modeling and reconstruction of complex molecular systems, it has become possible to elucidate Atomic level the functioning of multiprotein assemblages at the heart of processes and understand them in their biological context.
An important challenge for tomorrow's research is now to master these data and integrate them in order to identify the molecular mechanisms at the origin of biological functions and diseases. The aim of the course is to introduce students to a range of multi-scale molecular approaches and their mechanistic integration. The course will present students with models of studies illustrating how this mechanistic vision contributes to major advances in the understanding of complex biological and physiopathological processes.
Fundamental processes will be discussed, such as protein secretion, cell motility, or stress adaptation, in relation to pathologies such as infections, cancers or neurodegenerative diseases. Layec, S. White and red wine technology- Microbial processes in wine — Special vinifications- Taints and troubleshooting in wine making. Fermentations of cured meat products. Microbiology in brewery - Food alterations. Flavour biosynthesis by micro-organisms — Starter production and conservation.
Academic lectures given by experts, conferences given by private-sectors experts, Seminars led by students. All issues are targeted with an integrative perspective. Organization: This one-week course takes place during the first semester. It is divided in four days of lectures and one day of article presentations and lab visits.
Lectures are given in English. Slides in. Evaluation relies on the oral presentation, quality of article analysis, answers to specific questions, and on the student's active participation questions during lectures and presentations.
Aims — Introduction to microbial systems and their diversity Context: The development of diverse and recent approaches genome wide studies, single cell imaging, biophysics, modelling has revealed key aspects of microbial biology and ecology, which will be illustrated throughout this course. The program varies every year.
Keywords: Bacteria, modelling, bacterial networks and communities, microbiota, adjustment to environmental cues, infection, host-pathogen interactions, virulence, metagenomics, phages, RNA-mediated regulation, immunity. Basic knowledge in molecular and cellular biology gene regulation, organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, signalling, etc. Learning objectives : To give students an integrated view of bioprocesses wastewater treatment plant, waste methanizer… applied into the depollution taking into account the scientific concepts, economic and environmental challenges.
Skills referred : In-depth of knowledge of microbial communities applied to bioprocesses in waste treatment; Understanding of principles and challenges of biological treatments applied to solid anaerobic digestion, composting… and liquid wastewaster treatment plants. Content of teaching unit : Introduction of the teaching unit: context of waste treatment; Biological treatment of effluents: context and challenges; Anaerobic digestion; Towards environmental biorefineries; The waste of the Big Bang of our day; Ecology of communities in the water treatment plant: protists, floc structure and bioindicator; Exploitation of microbial functions for the depollution and recovery of wastewater; Sizing concept and modeling of biological treatment processes; Meta-omics methods and theirs application for bioprocesses: principles and application; Understanding and predicting the metabolic activities of microbial communities: thermodynamic approaches; Deciphering the operation of purification microbial communities: coupling of molecular microbiology and isotope biogeochemistry.
The laboratory internship corresponds to a qualifying training through a 6-month research activity in a field related to Microbiology. Notices gratuites, comme son nom l'indique, va vous offrir des millions de notices au format PDF.
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